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Burden of disease

Pneumococcal pneumonia | Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) | Vaccination rates

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Pneumococcal pneumonia is the most common clinical manifestation of pneumococcal disease in adults.1 It leads to ~225,000 US hospitalizations annually and is estimated to account for 10 to 30% of all adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) cases in the US.1,2 CAP occurs when someone develops pneumonia outside of a hospital.3

Pneumococcal pneumonia leads to ~225,000 hospitalizations 
annually in the US2 

Is IPD serious?

~1 in 7 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease in adults aged 50 or older resulted in death.4-8,a

See risk and death rates

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aBased on CDC ABC surveillance data from the years 2019–2023, representing ~35 million persons and 10 states across the US.4-8

ABC, Active Bacterial Core; CAP, community acquired pneumonia; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease; US, United States.

References:

  1. Gierke R, Wodi P, Kobayashi M. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (Pink Book). 14th edition. Chapter 17: Pneumococcal disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. May 1, 2024. Accessed August 15, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/pinkbook/hcp/table-of-contents/chapter-17-pneumococcal-disease.html

  2. Kobayashi M, Leidner AJ, Gierke R, et al. Expanded recommendations for use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines among adults aged ≥50 years: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2025;74(1):1-8. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7401a1

  3. About pneumonia. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. October 7, 2024. Accessed October 13, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/about/

  4. Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report, Emerging Infections Program network, Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated June 16, 2021. Accessed August 1, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/downloads/SPN_Surveillance_Report_2019.pdf

  5.  Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report, Emerging Infections Program network, Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2020. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated September 20, 2022. Accessed August 1, 2025. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/140328

  6. Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report, Emerging Infections Program network, Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated June 2, 2023. Accessed August 4, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/downloads/SPN_Surveillance_Report_2021.pdf

  7. Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report, Emerging Infections Program network, Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2022. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated July 5, 2024. Accessed August 1, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/downloads/SPN_Surveillance_Report_2022.pdf

  8. Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report, Emerging Infections Program network, Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2023. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated March 20, 2025. Accessed July 28, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/downloads/SPN_Surveillance_Report_2023.pdf
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Indications

CAPVAXIVE® (Pneumococcal 21-valent Conjugate Vaccine) is indicated for:

  • active immunization for the prevention of invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 3, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15A, 15B, 15C, 16F, 17F, 19A, 20A, 22F, 23A, 23B, 24F, 31, 33F, and 35B in individuals 18 years of age and older.
  • active immunization for the prevention of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae serotypes 3, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15A, 15C, 16F, 17F, 19A, 20A, 22F, 23A, 23B, 24F, 31, 33F, and 35B in individuals 18 years of age and older.

The indication for the prevention of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae serotypes 3, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15A, 15C, 16F, 17F, 19A, 20A, 22F, 23A, 23B, 24F, 31, 33F, and 35B is approved under accelerated approval based on immune responses as measured by opsonophagocytic activity (OPA). Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.

Select Safety Information

Do not administer CAPVAXIVE® (Pneumococcal 21-valent Conjugate Vaccine) to individuals with a history of a severe allergic reaction (eg, anaphylaxis) to any component of CAPVAXIVE or to diphtheria toxoid.
 
Individuals with altered immunocompetence, including those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, may have a reduced immune response to CAPVAXIVE.
 
The most commonly reported (>10%) solicited adverse reactions in individuals 18 through 49 years of age who received CAPVAXIVE were: injection-site pain (73.1%), fatigue (36.0%), headache (27.5%), myalgia (16.4%), injection-site erythema (13.8%), and injection-site swelling (13.3%).
 
The most commonly reported (>10%) solicited adverse reactions in individuals 50 years of age and older who received CAPVAXIVE were: injection-site pain (41.2%), fatigue (19.7%), and headache (11.0%).
 
Vaccination with CAPVAXIVE may not protect all vaccine recipients.
 
Before administering CAPVAXIVE, please read the accompanying Prescribing Information. The Patient Information also is available.

Indications
Select Safety Information

CAPVAXIVE® (Pneumococcal 21-valent Conjugate Vaccine) is indicated for:

  • active immunization for the prevention of invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 3, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15A, 15B, 15C, 16F, 17F, 19A, 20A, 22F, 23A, 23B, 24F, 31, 33F, and 35B in individuals 18 years of age and older.
  • active immunization for the prevention of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae serotypes 3, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15A, 15C, 16F, 17F, 19A, 20A, 22F, 23A, 23B, 24F, 31, 33F, and 35B in individuals 18 years of age and older.

The indication for the prevention of pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae serotypes 3, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15A, 15C, 16F, 17F, 19A, 20A, 22F, 23A, 23B, 24F, 31, 33F, and 35B is approved under accelerated approval based on immune responses as measured by opsonophagocytic activity (OPA). Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.

Select Safety Information

Do not administer CAPVAXIVE® (Pneumococcal 21-valent Conjugate Vaccine) to individuals with a history of a severe allergic reaction (eg, anaphylaxis) to any component of CAPVAXIVE or to diphtheria toxoid.
 
Individuals with altered immunocompetence, including those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, may have a reduced immune response to CAPVAXIVE.
 
The most commonly reported (>10%) solicited adverse reactions in individuals 18 through 49 years of age who received CAPVAXIVE were: injection-site pain (73.1%), fatigue (36.0%), headache (27.5%), myalgia (16.4%), injection-site erythema (13.8%), and injection-site swelling (13.3%).
 
The most commonly reported (>10%) solicited adverse reactions in individuals 50 years of age and older who received CAPVAXIVE were: injection-site pain (41.2%), fatigue (19.7%), and headache (11.0%).
 
Vaccination with CAPVAXIVE may not protect all vaccine recipients.
 
Before administering CAPVAXIVE, please read the accompanying Prescribing Information. The Patient Information also is available.